Innovative remedial techniques employed at distressed brownfields properties in recent years include bioremediation, which is a remedial strategy that uses naturally occuring microbes in soils and ground water to expedite a clean up and in-situ chemical oxidation remediation which is a remedial strategy that uses chemicals to enhance a clean up. Often, these stratgies are used in conjunction with each other or in conjunction with other remedial stragtagies such as soil vapor extraction, which is a process in which vapor from the soil phase is extracted from soils and treated, which has the effect of removing conataminants from the soils and ground water beneath a site. Some brownfields with heavy metal contamination have even been clean up through an innovative approach called Phytoremediation that utilizes deep rooted plants to soak up metals in soils into the plant structure as the plant grows. Upon reaching maturity, the plants are removed and disposed of as hazardous waste, the metal contaminants are removed with the plants and with the end result being a cleaned up brownfield site ready for redevelopment.

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